Atividade biocontroladora de Debaryomyces hansenii contra o mofo azul em maçã e pêra armazenadas em frio
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31285/AGRO.25.839Palavras-chave:
maçã, pera, biocontrole, doenças pós-colheita, leveduras, Penicillium expansumResumo
As maçãs e peras são normalmente armazenadas em câmaras frigoríficas para preservar a qualidade e assim manter um abastecimento constante ao longo do ano. No entanto, o desenvolvimento de podridões, causadas principalmente por Penicillium expansum não pode ser evitado. O controle biológico tem sido considerado como una alternativa potencial para reduzir a perda de frutas. Neste trabalho, 16 leveduras psicrotróficas antárticas pertencentes a espécie D. hansenii foram avaliadas como agentes de biocontrole contra P. expansum em macas e peras. Os isolados com diferentes graus de biocontrole foram posteriormente avaliados in vitro a fim de elucidar os mecanismos de ação que poderiam estar contribuindo ao biocontrole. Não foram encontradas correlações entre os mecanismos estudados e a capacidade de biocontrole das diferentes cepas. Uma das cepas codificadas como F9D foi selecionada devido a sua capacidade de reduzir a incidência da doença em mais de 95 % em maçãs e 85 % em peras. Esta cepa poderia ser uma boa candidata para o desenvolvimento de uma formulação que proteja os dois tipos de fruta. Um método de ISSR-PCR foi desenvolvido para tipificar a cepa selecionada. O marcador molecular pode ser uma ferramenta útil para fazer um seguimento da cepa uma vez aplicada a fruta.
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