Polifenóis e minerais na própolis de diferentes regiões agrícolas do Uruguai
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31285/AGRO.28.1240Palavras-chave:
própolis, minerais, polifenóis, descrição vegetalResumo
O amplo espectro de origem vegetal da própolis torna-a muito heterogênea quanto à sua composição química. Isso condiciona o uso potencial na medicina. Entre os principais componentes bioativos encontramos polifenóis e minerais, que estão relacionados a diversas propriedades medicinais atribuídas à própolis. Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar e quantificar a presença de 15 polifenóis e 8 minerais, em uma coleção de própolis georreferenciada de 14 localidades do Uruguai. Os polifenóis nos extratos etanólicos da própolis foram identificados e quantificados por HPLC, enquanto os minerais foram estudados por espectroscopia de absorção atômica na própolis bruta. O ambiente vegetal foi caracterizado utilizando informações sobre o uso produtivo do solo. Os 3 principais polifenóis encontrados em todas as localidades foram crisina, galangina e pinocembrina. Todos os polifenóis analisados foram encontrados, exceto a rutina, que não foi detectada em nenhuma amostra. Quanto à concentração de polifenóis, podemos dividir o Uruguai em duas regiões: o sudoeste com altas concentrações de 125 g/kg e o nordeste com concentrações de 16 g/kg. Todos os minerais foram identificados. As variações entre localidades e estações afastam o uso de minerais para determinação da origem geográfica. A descrição do ambiente vegetal foi parcialmente ajustada com os tipos de própolis. As concentrações encontradas tanto de polifenóis quanto de minerais estão dentro dos valores reportados mundialmente. Devido ao seu alto teor de polifenólicos, a própolis da região sudoeste deve continuar a ser estudada quanto ao seu potencial uso medicinal.
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